{
localUrl: '../page/p_value.html',
arbitalUrl: 'https://arbital.com/p/p_value',
rawJsonUrl: '../raw/9wd.json',
likeableId: '0',
likeableType: 'page',
myLikeValue: '0',
likeCount: '0',
dislikeCount: '0',
likeScore: '0',
individualLikes: [],
pageId: 'p_value',
edit: '2',
editSummary: '',
prevEdit: '1',
currentEdit: '2',
wasPublished: 'true',
type: 'wiki',
title: 'P-value',
clickbait: 'The probability of observing the sample data we have _actually_ observed; the sauce behind significance testing.',
textLength: '1139',
alias: 'p_value',
externalUrl: '',
sortChildrenBy: 'likes',
hasVote: 'false',
voteType: '',
votesAnonymous: 'false',
editCreatorId: 'StephenFox',
editCreatedAt: '2020-01-02 21:20:00',
pageCreatorId: 'StephenFox',
pageCreatedAt: '2020-01-02 18:23:42',
seeDomainId: '0',
editDomainId: '3538',
submitToDomainId: '0',
isAutosave: 'false',
isSnapshot: 'false',
isLiveEdit: 'true',
isMinorEdit: 'false',
indirectTeacher: 'false',
todoCount: '3',
isEditorComment: 'false',
isApprovedComment: 'false',
isResolved: 'false',
snapshotText: '',
anchorContext: '',
anchorText: '',
anchorOffset: '0',
mergedInto: '',
isDeleted: 'false',
viewCount: '2',
text: '> \\[A\\] __p-value__ is the probability of our observing the sample data we have observed when, in fact, the two population averages are identical.\n> - Anthony Davies, Understanding Statistics (2017)\n\n## An Intuitive Explanation ##\n\nImagine you are comparing two observations (a la some difference of means test): the mean and standard deviation of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment-to-population_ratio employment rate] in California and New York, USA.\n\nYou can think of the **p-value** as the probability that the apparent difference in employment rate between California and New York is _due to random chance_. \n\nThink about this:\n\n* The higher that probability, the more likely any disparity can be (effectively) written off.\n* The lower that probability, the more significant the difference is and more you should consider investigating further.\n\nClosely related to this idea is [statistically_significant statistical significance], where a p-value of 0.05 is typical and 0.01 is used in more stringent trial.\n\n[todo: Mathematical explanation]\n\n[todo: link into a statistics learning path]\n\n[todo: equation from mean-value test]',
metaText: '',
isTextLoaded: 'true',
isSubscribedToDiscussion: 'false',
isSubscribedToUser: 'false',
isSubscribedAsMaintainer: 'false',
discussionSubscriberCount: '1',
maintainerCount: '1',
userSubscriberCount: '0',
lastVisit: '',
hasDraft: 'false',
votes: [],
voteSummary: 'null',
muVoteSummary: '0',
voteScaling: '0',
currentUserVote: '-2',
voteCount: '0',
lockedVoteType: '',
maxEditEver: '0',
redLinkCount: '0',
lockedBy: '',
lockedUntil: '',
nextPageId: '',
prevPageId: '',
usedAsMastery: 'false',
proposalEditNum: '0',
permissions: {
edit: {
has: 'false',
reason: 'You don't have domain permission to edit this page'
},
proposeEdit: {
has: 'true',
reason: ''
},
delete: {
has: 'false',
reason: 'You don't have domain permission to delete this page'
},
comment: {
has: 'false',
reason: 'You can't comment in this domain because you are not a member'
},
proposeComment: {
has: 'true',
reason: ''
}
},
summaries: {},
creatorIds: [
'StephenFox'
],
childIds: [],
parentIds: [],
commentIds: [],
questionIds: [],
tagIds: [],
relatedIds: [],
markIds: [],
explanations: [],
learnMore: [],
requirements: [],
subjects: [],
lenses: [],
lensParentId: '',
pathPages: [],
learnMoreTaughtMap: {},
learnMoreCoveredMap: {},
learnMoreRequiredMap: {},
editHistory: {},
domainSubmissions: {},
answers: [],
answerCount: '0',
commentCount: '0',
newCommentCount: '0',
linkedMarkCount: '0',
changeLogs: [
{
likeableId: '0',
likeableType: 'changeLog',
myLikeValue: '0',
likeCount: '0',
dislikeCount: '0',
likeScore: '0',
individualLikes: [],
id: '23236',
pageId: 'p_value',
userId: 'StephenFox',
edit: '2',
type: 'newEdit',
createdAt: '2020-01-02 21:20:00',
auxPageId: '',
oldSettingsValue: '',
newSettingsValue: ''
},
{
likeableId: '0',
likeableType: 'changeLog',
myLikeValue: '0',
likeCount: '0',
dislikeCount: '0',
likeScore: '0',
individualLikes: [],
id: '23235',
pageId: 'p_value',
userId: 'StephenFox',
edit: '1',
type: 'newEdit',
createdAt: '2020-01-02 18:23:42',
auxPageId: '',
oldSettingsValue: '',
newSettingsValue: 'Initial work in articulating what a p-value is.'
}
],
feedSubmissions: [],
searchStrings: {},
hasChildren: 'false',
hasParents: 'false',
redAliases: {},
improvementTagIds: [],
nonMetaTagIds: [],
todos: [],
slowDownMap: 'null',
speedUpMap: 'null',
arcPageIds: 'null',
contentRequests: {}
}